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Glossary                                              321

         Karatālas — small hand cymbals played primarily in
            kīrtana.
         Kali-yuga — the present age of degradation and quarrel,
            which began approximately 5,000 years ago.

         Karma-kāṇḍīya — relating to karma-kāṇḍa, the Vedic
            religious system meant for material elevation.

         Kārtika — the lunar month from mid-October to mid-
            November, sacred to Vaiṣṇavas, during which they
            engage in increased austerities and spiritual practices.
         Kīrtana — chanting of Kṛṣṇa’s glories; usually refers
            to  the  chanting  of  Kṛṣṇa’s  names  with  musical
            accompaniment.
         Kṛṣṇa — the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

         Kṛṣṇa consciousness — absorption in devotional thoughts
            of or activities for the satisfaction of Kṛṣṇa.
         Kṣatriya — member of the second of the four Vedic social
            divisions; an administrator and warrior.
         Kumkum  —  red  powder  used  mainly  for  making
            auspicious marks on the head by pious persons.

         Lakṣmī — the eternal consort of Lord Nārāyaṇa.
         Līlā — transcendental activities of the Lord and His
            devotees.
         Lota — rimmed cup or mug without a handle.

         Mādhva sampradāya — A Vaiṣṇava sect prominent in
            parts of South India.
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